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<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　在现代医学中，脉管炎的全称是“血栓闭塞性脉管炎”。它是由奥地利医生buerger首先发现并命名的。 <p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　这种疾病很罕见。表现为中小动静脉血管壁的慢性无菌性炎症，导致血管增厚、狭窄，继发血栓形成，导致血管闭塞，出现缺血症状。虽然病因不明，但大多数患者都有一个共同的背景:男性、中青年、生活在寒冷环境、长期吸烟等。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　血管外科还有一种比较常见的缺血性疾病——下肢动脉硬化闭塞症，多发生于50岁以上动脉硬化严重的患者。之所以提到，是因为这两种疾病的临床过程相似。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　前期只是感觉皮肤温度低，或者有轻微的麻木感。活动结束后，小腿有点酸痛。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　随着病情的进展，行走时出现下肢肌肉痉挛疼痛。一般休息六七分钟就能好起来，然后继续走。医学上称之为间歇性跛行。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img js_insertlocalimg" data-backh="214" data-backw="321" data-ratio="0.66640625" data-s="300,640" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_jpg/If1VdkRjOvtfngYnaK89xZbz8fCUHPn27oGDBJJQykGic3Kd8yxcQuu2Ts971USRiaQlFmSwicN50nrrDmh0ican5A/640?wx_fmt=jpeg" data-type="jpeg" data-w="1280" data-imgqrcoded="1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center; width: 578px; height: auto !important;"/><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　进入静息痛期，即使休息时，四肢也会出现疼痛、麻木、感觉异常。晚上经常加重，疼痛难忍，喜欢抱着脚坐着睡觉。如果有轻微外伤，很容易出现溃疡或坏疽。一旦到了这个阶段，最大的风险就是截肢。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　虽然病程相似，但实际上由于脉管炎和动脉硬化闭塞症的病因不同，治疗方法也不同。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　闭塞性动脉硬化症已经进入严重阶段，手术治疗可以有效帮助缓解症状(当然在发病初期，血管的康复尤为重要)。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　血管炎的治疗原则包括阻止进展、缓解疼痛、改善血液供应和促进愈合。最关键的治疗方法之一来自于自身。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　总结几点:<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　戒烟:怎么强调都不为过。它是所有其他治疗的基础。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　保暖:一定要注意温暖的环境，减少血管痉挛的发作。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　手术:虽然这么多努力的医生在尝试，但主要方法有血管搭桥、血管介入治疗、交感神经切除术等。至少到目前为止，手术的效果不是很好。一些治疗如抗感染、血管扩张和伤口清创主要针对已经出现溃疡或坏疽的患者。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; white-space: normal; text-align: center;"><img class="rich_pages wxw-img" data-galleryid="" data-ratio="0.6608187134502924" data-s="300,640" src="https://mmbiz.qpic.cn/mmbiz_png/If1VdkRjOvtfngYnaK89xZbz8fCUHPn2Oyver7mOTXp7CBooJtz76FziaGbvP87Xebkice4OVic3zwdcXaEYNCaAQ/640?wx_fmt=png" data-type="png" data-w="684" data-imgqrcoded="1" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; max-width: 100%; height: 233px; vertical-align: bottom; width: 353px;"/><p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　说了这么多，真的没有别的办法了吗?<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　不，首先记住一句话:自助者，天助之，锻炼很重要。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　徒步：普通步行，以慢速(每分钟60 ~ 70步)或中速(每分钟80 ~ 90步)行走，每次0.5 ~ 1小时，适用于下肢轻度缺血者;<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　快走：每分钟100步以上，每次0.5 ~ 1小时，适用于高脂血症或高血压下肢轻度缺血患者;<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　定量步行：又称医学步行，步行2 ~ 3公里或在坡道上缓慢行走15分钟，可有效增加跛行距离，改善症状。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　这个疾病的命名者的另一个贡献是告诉大家一个可以在家里完成的动作——Buerger运动。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　仰卧，将患肢抬高45°，保持2 ~ 3分钟;<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　坐起，使小腿垂在床边2 ~ 5分钟，移动脚和脚趾10次;<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　再次仰卧，将下肢平放在床上，然后抬高下肢2 ~ 5分钟;<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　重复这个过程5 ~ 10次，每天3 ~ 5次。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; clear: both; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　脉管炎虽然不是高发疾病，但需要医生对导致下肢缺血的其他一些疾病进行详细的鉴别，如动脉硬化闭塞症、动脉栓塞、大动脉炎、腘窝约束综合征、腘窝动脉瘤等。并且还需要与混合的静脉和淋巴疾病相区分，以便有可能进行针对性的治疗，从而防止漏诊和误治。<p style="margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 24px; padding: 0px; min-height: 1em; color: rgb(51, 51, 51); font-family: mp-quote, -apple-system-font, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Helvetica Neue", "PingFang SC", "Hiragino Sans GB", "Microsoft YaHei UI", "Microsoft YaHei", Arial, sans-serif; font-size: 17px; text-align: justify; white-space: normal;">　　再次，戒烟，保暖，运动。